Crank Politics
There’s only one word to describe Jon Chait’s book: shrill. I mean, how can Chait say that “American politics has been hijacked by a tiny coterie of right-wing economic extremists”? The cocktail-party circuit knows better. As Peter Beinart, the then editor of The New Republic, wrote in his review of my 2003 book The Great Unraveling, “guest lists that cross ideological lines can help liberals understand the conservatives they write about. And many Washington conservatives genuinely don't see the Bush administration as radical: they see it as having ratified a big-spending, culturally liberal status quo.”
OK, end snark. Obviously I agree with just about everything that’s in Jon’s book. I cover some of the same ground in my own forthcoming book, The Conscience of a Liberal, though in much less detail. I’d like to take this conversation in a slightly different direction by talking about the second part of the book, on the political environment that lets crackpot economics flourish; Jon’s description is correct, but, I think, somewhat incomplete.
First, supply-side quackery is only one of the gambits used to sell tax cuts.
There are other, older versions – notably the claim that government is wasting your money on vast armies of useless bureaucrats. Way back in 1964, in his famous speech on behalf of Barry Goldwater, Reagan talked about how crazy it was that the federal government employed 2.5 million civilian workers; nobody pointed out that two-thirds of those civilians worked either for the Pentagon or for the post office.
Second, Jon talks at some length about the media, and in particular about the Republican ability to get journalists to harp endlessly on supposed character flaws of Democrats, while their own candidates get a free pass. He emphasizes the right-wing echo chamber, but there’s more to it than that. It’s also – as I can report from my own experience – a result of asymmetrical intimidation. Quite simply, if you point out character flaws in a conservative, there will be an all-out effort, involving major media as well as blogs and talk radio, to discredit and ruin you, personally. This just doesn’t happen on the other side.
So journalists feel that it’s safe to ridicule Democrats, even if the supposed character-defining episode never happened; they choke up and shy away when it comes to Republicans. That’s why even the most grotesque stuff, like Giuliani’s claim that he’s a rescue worker too, or Romney’s remark that his sons are serving the country by helping him become president, doesn’t get picked up.
Third, I’m surprised that Jon doesn’t talk at all about the key political role of race in the political shift in this country. Reagan didn’t start as a supply-sider: he started as the enemy of welfare queens in their welfare Cadillacs. And what I’ve learned from Larry Bartels, Tom Schaller, and other political scientists is that race is really central to the whole thing. Here’s a preview quote from my own book:
“The overwhelming importance of the Southern switch suggests an almost embarrassingly simple story about the political success of movement conservatism. It goes like this: thanks to their organization, the interlocking institutions that constitute the reality of the vast right-wing conspiracy, movement conservatives were able to take over the Republican Party, and move its domestic policies sharply to the right. In most of the country, this rightward shift alienated voters, who gradually moved toward the Democrats. But Republicans were nonetheless able to win presidential elections, and eventually gain control of Congress, because they were able to exploit the race issue to win political dominance of the South. End of story.”


"...race is really central..."
Which is why Reagan (Ray-gun) started his 1980 campaign in Philadelphia, Mississippi, where the three civil rights workers had been killed in the 1960's. The message to racists was unmistakable.
September 11, 2007 6:09 AM | Reply | Permalink
race is really central to the whole thing
Thank you.
It's amazing how just about everyone on the progressive side who studies the issue comes to this. Yet it seems that the more it's emphasized, the more resistance one encounters.
Glad you made it to the mountaintop.
September 11, 2007 6:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
Race also permeates attitudes towards public spending. A large swathe of white Americans will gladly pay for health, accommodation and training for black Americans, just as long as those black Americans are wearing prison uniforms and sleep in prison cells.
September 11, 2007 6:39 AM | Reply | Permalink
And don't forget that the Christian Coalition got its real start objecting to the southern segregation private academies losing their tax exemption in federal court ruling. Anti-abortion and anti-gay and of course being the shock troops against their own class interest for the corporatist tax cut wing of the Republicans, only came later when they lost the tax exemption at the supreme court level and the press highlighted their overt racism.
But it has always been at least 50% about race. That's what the Republican so-called southern (and wedstern and suburban; really white working class) strategy has always been about. Exploiting race to enrich the rich.
September 11, 2007 6:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
This, I think, is the key to saving the Constitution. Somebody needs to put the fear of God into the Beltway opinion-making class. For starters, it should be made clear to Maureen Dowd, for example, that if she tries to give Clinton or Obama the Gore-2000 treatment, even a little bit, it'll be a cold day in hell before she sees the interior of a Democratic White House. And make it stick.
This reminds me of what Robert Wright (I think) said of Newt Gingrich in 1994. Should we retire to our brie and chardonnay and discuss what a brilliant coup Newt has wrought? No! "That's the kind of nerdiness that got us into trouble in the first place. I say we beat the little butterball to a pulp."
The problem is making the threat credible, like a vow never to negotiate with hostage-takers. Liberals do have a long history of nerdiness. Once Clinton or Obama is in the White House, following through on the threat brings no additional reward, so it'll be tempting to relent.
Here's my fantasy solution. Suppose, after being crossed by MoDo, Obama puts more money than he can afford into escrow, with instructions, "If Maureen Dowd sets foot in my White House, give all this money to the American Nazi Party." Now, Obama can't afford to relent. Tom Schelling, handily available at the University of Maryland, could doubtless come up with something better.
September 11, 2007 7:10 AM | Reply | Permalink
Race is very much the issue for southern conservatives, which is why this liberal is very much frustrated by the liberal/left's infatuation with Al Sharpton, arguably the second most well-known black Democrat after Barrak Obama.
Did you know that Al Sharpton, whose most famous act is falsely accusing four white law enforment officials of a rape that never happened (for which he was successfully sued for slander) and who has repeatedly sold Democrats down the river to support their Republican rivals is such a radioactive jerkweed that his 2004 Presidential campaign was financed by Republican dirty trickster Roger Stone? Here's a link to a Villiage Voice article that shows it: http://www.villagevoice.com/news/0405,barrett,50745,1.html
Yet for some reason he has been treated like a conquering hero by Democrats, most notably when he was handed a prime speaking slot at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. Who knows how may sex partners Stone and his wife slept with that night in celebration? (Stone, like so many conservative, family-values types has a most interesting sex life.)
It's bad enough when the Republicans use race to hurt us. It's utterly infuriating when we enthusiastically help.
September 11, 2007 7:15 AM | Reply | Permalink
Perhaps this is the wrong outlet for fan mail, but it really is a pleasure (in particular when viewed against the propaganda placed on the WSJ web page) to read your work--which infuses economic policy choices with a sense of moral clarity. And your critiques of the media have been spot-on. Would that those elected to think about these issues communicated so well.
Power abhors a vaccuum. It remains to be seen whether any of the other branches of government (or even the media) will seize that power back.
September 11, 2007 7:26 AM | Reply | Permalink
Clinton & Bush II, both affecting country-boy accents (yes, each has some right to it, but each can just as well speak Ivy). In Clinton's case, it's the accent of a country boy who shares culture with blacks. In Bush II's, it's the accent of a country boy who most definitely does not.
The people of color Bush has employed have all spoken in very white ways. (Powell: "I'm not all that black.") So it's not about the skin, it's about the soul - the culture. It's about agendas: the "white" or "Godly" boy's agenda against the supposed black or gay or women's agendas. Bush's people of color are trophies.
Why does Bush II persist in talking in the most awkward way? Because it's the accent of a Klansman.
September 11, 2007 7:28 AM | Reply | Permalink
I completely agree, as I've been saying on comment boards on other sites, that the basic problem is the South. If you take away the states of the Old Confederacy, American party / electoral politics would look basically like Canada's or Western Europe's -- especially if you factor out the distorting effect that Southern conservatism has on the national political discussion generally.
The South itself recognized that it was essentially a different country, and it tried to go its own way. It wasn't allowed to. In short, I blame Lincoln.
But what's done is done. For the future, two things are important about movement conservatism: It's not serious about its own principles, and it's going to be proven wrong for the same reason that conservative ideas (including Southern conservatism's signature idea, Jim Crow) have always been proven wrong and eventually discarded. These are matters I discuss in more detail here:
http://conservativesarealwayswrong.googlepages.com/
September 11, 2007 7:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
I am convinced that it is true that race is the central problem, but I am puzzled. I suppose this is a naive question, but why was it not possible to solve this problem by making the North more attractive to black people? Why does the North have ghettos? Dr. King, after giving up on his campaign for open housing in Chicago, concluded that ghettos exist because somebody is making money off the people who live in ghettos. He faulted the economic power structure of the city of Chicago. Unfortunately, our news media will never, ever criticize the economic power base of this country. That would be considered Communistic.
My reading of history is that racism and greed are the two worst character flaws of the American persona. Racism and greed are a poisonous mix.
September 11, 2007 7:44 AM | Reply | Permalink
"When I feed the poor, they call me a saint.
When I ask why the poor have no food, they call me a communist."
By Helder Camara
September 11, 2007 7:50 AM | Reply | Permalink
Of course, it is race that drives the Republican platform. But the pernicious influence of race isn't a new discovery. More recently, Michael Lind wrote a series of articles about the problems with letting Southern racial and feudal/economic attitudes dominate the national discourse. Less recently, there's Lyndon Johnson's famous speech to Texas rednecks who bolted from the Democratics every time anything having to do with justice for black people was mentioned. He didn't put it that delicately.
Another aspect of race to consider is that black people in the U.S. are not truly a race. Genetics has been proving that the one-drop rule makes American blacks and whites remarkably similar, rather than separate, as the racists had hoped. Black people in the U.S. are an economic caste--used as a threat against jittery white people, who will do just about anything, including subvert the Constitution, not to be forced into black status. Barbara Ehrenreich called it fear of falling, I believe.
Without the South, American politics would be something social-democratic like Canada or Germany. One of the many weaknesses of Clinton was that he spent way too much time on please-Bubba politics, which bit him in the butt in the end, and we all have spent too much time and money on the South's endless tantrum about the end of its revered feudal and slave society. I remember taking a tour of the historic quarter of Charleston, SC, with a guide who studiously avoided mentioning who actually built all those grand houses. That sort of poison has long-term effects.
September 11, 2007 7:53 AM | Reply | Permalink
First, supply-side quackery is only one of the gambits used to sell tax cuts.
The myths of Tax cuts are a big issue in the public discussion, but it is also part of the economic misdirection we face in our understanding of what is occurring.
Profits are what are left over after paying you wages and all your bills. We talk somewhat about the loss of wages by employees, there is controversy about tax cuts, but what have been over looked are the bills that the Republicans have shifted to us the individuals.
We, the individuals, have in the past and are continuing to subsidize the Warfare State for Large Businesses. The costs of goods we buy do not have all the expenses included. Military expenditures for oil, cleanup of the pollution of the hydrocarbons from oil, the water pollution from the toxic chemicals used to produce products and the list is endless.
The European Union, remember that other advanced country, has instituted a cradle to grave capture of the costs to recycle products when you purchase the product. Our environmental requirements for business that have waste byproducts would not be allowed to use our standards there.
We do not hear about the comparison of our environmental requirements in comparisons to theirs and it is not by accident that we kept in ignorance. Ignorance of other countries keeps the market place of best practices unconsidered. It allows the misdirection and thus inattention to the real choices that could make a difference in the quality of our life.
The cost causer should be the cost payer unless there is an agreed upon “Common Good” or Public Interest and Necessity agreed upon by us the citizens. That translates into the attempted practice of cradle to grave capture of costs in the price of the end product in the EU.
Today the US is transitioning to HDTV and millions of televisions are going to be in the waste stream. This changeover is being mandated by the Federal Government actions, but today I have not head of a plan to reimburse local governments for the recycling of the poisonous heavy metals and other toxic parts.
Politics in America is all about getting someone else to pay for your expenses to make an extraordinary profit.
The biggest problems are not the subsidies for the poorest, but the multitude of subsidies we provide to business.
-----------------------------------------------
Today, are we searching for I deals or Ideals?
-Thinking
September 11, 2007 7:58 AM | Reply | Permalink
" notably the claim that government is wasting your money on vast armies of useless bureaucrats"
Is there no truth in this claim?
September 11, 2007 8:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
Corvid
Here we go again with this South=racism paradigm. One takes a huge, geographical section of the country, labels it racist and, voila, there's not one damned thing you need to know or understand about it beyond that.
.
If a neander-con applies some unflattering label to an ethnic group, liberals are all up in arms--as they, and the rest of us, should be. So how can someone like Paul Krugman whip right around and do exactly the same thing when it suits his purposes and prejudices?
.
Can pols use racism as a lever to win votes in the South? I wouldn't be surprised. But is this because the place is just plain racist and nothing else, or is it due to a variety of other reasons--one being that southerners are so often flogged with this ugly charge, another being that northern, free-trade economists like Mr. Krugman have nothing to offer the South (or the rest of working America) in terms of a brighter future?
.
September 11, 2007 8:19 AM | Reply | Permalink
Wow! That is powerful!
I have come to the conclusion that American history is incomprehensible unless one is willing to ask the Marxist questions. Since most Americans are not willing to ask those questions, we are forced to point fingers at each other to explain why this is such a brutal country.
One of the reasons I am attracted to Obama, by the way, is that I went to school in Chicago and Obama knows the South Side. I am a contributor to the Obama campaign, and I plan to vote for him in the primary. I think that the overwhelming history of racism in this country makes it very important for Obama to be elected president.
The Iraq war has put racism on the back burner, but from an historical point of view, that is the number one issue.
September 11, 2007 8:31 AM | Reply | Permalink
I'll second that sentiment. Paul Krugman is the reason I bit for a NYTimes Select subscription -- couldn't bear to miss getting my regular Krugman fix!
Especial thanks, Paul, for your continuing work separating fact from myth on the issue of health care, and helping to point the way to a sane and equitable health care policy for this country.
September 11, 2007 8:36 AM | Reply | Permalink
If you take away the states of the Old Confederacy, American party / electoral politics would look basically like Canada's or Western Europe's -- especially if you factor out the distorting effect that Southern conservatism has on the national political discussion generally.
Though I see where you're coming from, the other big difference between this country and Canada or Western Europe is the extent to which the two major parties have made themselves quasi-official entities and have essentially excluded minor parties from American politics.
If you look at Canada or any of the countries of Western Europe, small parties play key roles in promoting new ideas and preventing political sclerosis.
Through ballot access and electoral laws that favor them exclusively, the two major parties have made this impossible in the U.S. And I suspect this would be the case, South or no South.
September 11, 2007 8:37 AM | Reply | Permalink
Racism boils down to capitalistic greed throughout American history. You may wish to watch the Gangs of NY to see how this same capitalistic greed drove discrimination against Jews, Irish, Catholics etc. The american negro has a unique place in history simply because they were enslaved and labelled property, chattel slavery, enabled the South to flourish. Bottomline, virtual all racism in this country can be traced to the need for cheap manual labor and continued racism reflects an unused surplus of a labor pool directly traced to the import of slaves.
Thus we now have the penal labor pool used by industry which is analogous to slave ownership in the south. Massive incarceration of blacks has resulted in them continuing to be used as a cheap source of labor for capitalistic greed.
In the Gangs of NY the elite describe how they are going to divide the 'havenots' to ensure the continued rule of the elite capitalists and industrialists. As long as there is internecine fighting among the havenots, the 'havemores' grip on political and economic power is unbreakable as the focus is not on the real problem.
Not actually when you consider that the number of minorities who serve this country are disproprotionate to their overall population numbers. War is also a means to use the surplus labor pool, when people are unemployable, due to continuing discrimination or legal records, they join the military to gain a foothold economically at the risk of their lives. This too was shown in the Gangs of NY where the Irish were signed up immediately as soldiers as soon as they came off the boat.
September 11, 2007 8:43 AM | Reply | Permalink
If you guys think that those same racial attitudes aren't found all over the country, you are fooling yourselves.
September 11, 2007 8:44 AM | Reply | Permalink
Nowhere is this more blatantly seen then with the hypocrisy of the pro-life movement. They insist on not using government funds to allow the poor to have abortions under the specious contention of how precious life is and yet will vehemently oppose funding to feed, clothe and educate that 'precious life' until they are incarcerated and vote for the death penalty for that same 'precious life' once their 'life potential' is abused, neglected and distorted in the ghetto.
Pro-lifers are in love with the 'potential' of life not the reality of the living thus they also are willing to usurp the rights of the pregnant woman to decide how to use her own 'potential' life in favor of, one of the biggest misnomers I have ever heard, 'unborn' life.
September 11, 2007 8:53 AM | Reply | Permalink
I agree with you that it is unfair to flog the South as the sole locus of racism in this country, and to suggest that simply cutting the South out of the country would lead to progressive nirvanna. But I'm uncertain why you are charging Krugman with the South=racism paradigm. He simply observed that the Republican party was able to gain political dominance in the South by exploiting the issue of race -- and that is quite true. But of course, it is not just the South; voters in other parts of the country have responded to it, too. (Don't tell me that only people in the South were influenced by Bush I's Willie Horton ad.) It's just that the South is an easily-identifiable bloc.
September 11, 2007 8:54 AM | Reply | Permalink
Obviously you did not listen to Al's speech or you would know why he was given that slot. Maybe, you are unaware of the deeply moralistic values that drove the civil rights movement and unaware of how religious AA's are? . The political leaders of the Democratic party could not afford to lose those votes. Do you recall how long the lines were in OH? Do you recall that there was an anti-gay marriage initiative on the agenda? Go look up the content of Al's 2004 speech and you will know why he was given that prime slot.
September 11, 2007 8:59 AM | Reply | Permalink
You might want to read the book Foul Means by Anthony S. Parent, Jr. which looks at the rise of racial slavery in Virginia in the 17th and 18th Centuries from an explicit Marxist perspective.
Daniel A. Greenbaum
September 11, 2007 9:03 AM | Reply | Permalink
See, that's hitting the nail on the head. I disagree that "it's all about race." I think it's all about distribution of wealth, and the power structures put in place by the wealthy to protect that distribution. It happens, to some degree, to mirror racial divides, because wealth has been unevenly distributed between the races and that distribution is reinforced through the aforementioned protective measures. But the racial issue is dwindling as more and more whites become excluded from the central distributions of wealth.
September 11, 2007 9:11 AM | Reply | Permalink
While it is true there is only one race, the human race; racism is alive and well nationally due to capitalism. Poor whites vote against their own economic interests in hopes of gaining a leg up on the totem pole. They see their race as an opportunity and advantage in a white privileged society. The poorest white person can get a job in less than a week by showering, shaving and grooming themselves. Blacks who are unemployed enjoy no such luxury they can go for months without finding even a minimum wage job in America all because of racism. One study even has shown that white's with criminal records are hired far more frequently than black candidates without a criminal record.
Anyone looking at the wide color spectrum of American blacks knows that they are the offspring of white plantation owners, overseers and any other white male who deemed it his right to sexually assault black females due to the pervasive racism that has endured and still endures...look no further than the Duke LaCrosse case. Had that situation been reversed the black male would have been tried and incarcerated for 20 years. Also the recent fight between black kids and whites in Jeno, LA where boys are being sentenced to life in prison. Racism is alive and well. Separatism is based on cultural values and the lack of justice and due process under the law. Not t mention the pernicious and pervasive economic discrimination that was most graphically displayed during Katrina.
The South is overt with their racism but racism in America is a national not regional phenomena. Corporate America and institutions practice covert racism due to EEOC but the racism itself thrives and survives within the corporate and social fabric of America as a whole.
September 11, 2007 9:14 AM | Reply | Permalink
Why?
September 11, 2007 9:16 AM | Reply | Permalink
"infatuation"? Just a tad bit over the top, perhaps?
You're confusing Chris Matthews' guest list with the Progressive movement and the Democratic party. An algother too frequent mistake.
September 11, 2007 9:17 AM | Reply | Permalink
It is not happenstance. It is deliberate and the racism and discrimination is institutionalized with the intent to perpetuate and consolidate the power of the wealth and capitalistic industrials and oil and munitions barons.
I totally disagree. As the pie shrinks racism becomes more virulent as there is less for the 'advantaged and white priviledge becomes more difficult.
September 11, 2007 9:22 AM | Reply | Permalink
In fact, if you look at the "red/blue" electoral map, republicans have exploited racial/cultural fears in every state they have won.
Whether it is explicit like Willie Horton, or implicit like cutting fat from govt (fat being entitlements, entitlements being welfare). Whether it's Hispanics in the mountain states or blacks in the south and rust belt, the message is the same: elect us and we'll keep our foot on their necks. Dont elect us, and face the unknown.
September 11, 2007 9:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
I'm seeing this here in Chicago right now, at the hands of a Democratic state and city regime. Chicago public transit is in crisis, due for massive service cuts and fare increases because the Democratic-controlled legislature has failed to come up with funding. It has had no problem with subsidizing new highways and ongoing expansion of roads and airports. It is a local cliche that "there's no constituency for public transportation". Meaning that it's seen as primarily a concession to the dark and the poor.
September 11, 2007 9:34 AM | Reply | Permalink
Oh great Krugman, should you chance to read this:
What do you make of the arguments about "deadweight loss" that Megan McArdle, citing Martin Feldstein, has foregrounded in this regard? I believe the figure is that a dollar of increased taxes, overall, can be expected to cost 1.7 dollars in growth in the private economy. Who knows where these figures come from -- they fall on us, the economically uninitiated, like rain or hail, we know not why or wherefore -- but one has to have some sense of what to do with them.
"All governments lie, but disaster lies in wait for countries whose officials smoke the same hashish they give out." - I.F. Stone
September 11, 2007 9:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
"notably the claim that government the health insurance industry is wasting your money on vast armies of useless bureaucrats"
Fixed.
"All governments lie, but disaster lies in wait for countries whose officials smoke the same hashish they give out." - I.F. Stone
September 11, 2007 9:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
Corvid
I see your point. Thanks for the response. I guess I see a general Democratic tendency reflected in Krugman's discussion to say that, well, the GOP has the South locked up because of its racism and the only way Dems can win it back in any big way is by basically compromising and going that route, too.
.
I don't see any aggressive, outside-the-box thinking about how Dems can counter the GOP's racist appeal by, say, appealing to something else, some other basic concern or worry of southernerers, who, after all, aren't doing all that great economically.
.
Just as there is implicit racism in much of the GOP's right-wing message, I think there's a lot of implicit dismissal and even punitive intention when liberals inject the words "race" and "South" into the same sentence.
September 11, 2007 10:00 AM | Reply | Permalink
I thought you would go for this...
"notably the claim that government is wasting your money on vast armies of useless bureaucrats"
September 11, 2007 10:05 AM | Reply | Permalink
"as the pie shrinks racism becomes more virulent"
I am concerned about the same thing.
By the way, I would not want anyone to think that I am trying to distract attention from the evils of slavery. Slavery was not only inherently wrong, it was a playground for psychopaths.
That leaves the question, however, why it was so hard to get rid of slavery. If one follows the money trail, one will find that planters were not the only people profiting from slavery. Northern insurers, ship-owners and textile manufacturers were also profiting from slavery.
September 11, 2007 10:10 AM | Reply | Permalink
First I am reading it now. However, I thought you would find it interesting, given your post, since Parent explains the transistion for the use of white servants to black slaves from the perspective of the interests of the White Planter Class.
Daniel A. Greenbaum
September 11, 2007 10:10 AM | Reply | Permalink
First I am reading it now. However, I thought you would find it interesting, given your post, since Parent explains the transistion for the use of white servants to black slaves from the perspective of the interests of the White Planter Class.
Daniel A. Greenbaum
September 11, 2007 10:10 AM | Reply | Permalink
Re: Quite simply, if you point out character flaws in a conservative, there will be an all-out effort, involving major media as well as blogs and talk radio, to discredit and ruin you, personally.
Rightwing talk radio and rightwing blogs: yes. But the mainstream media, no. President Bush is routinely depicted as a dunce in the media, and Vice President Cheney as creepy and sinister. And does anyone think that Congressman Foley and now Senator Craig have escaped a full airing of their peccadillos?
September 11, 2007 10:21 AM | Reply